Glosario y listas
Vocabulario de logística y cadena de suministro en inglés
25 términos de logística para envíos, compras y entregas, con el significado, el español y un ejemplo de cada uno.
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| Término | Significado | Español | Ejemplo |
|---|---|---|---|
| supply chain | the full process from raw material to customer | cadena de suministro | A delay anywhere in the supply chain affects delivery. |
| shipment | a batch of goods being transported | envío | The shipment left the warehouse this morning. |
| freight | goods being transported, or the cost of transporting them | flete, carga | Freight costs went up this quarter. |
| inventory | the stock of goods a business holds | inventario | We're low on inventory for that product. |
| warehouse | a building used to store goods | depósito, almacén | The order is being picked at the warehouse now. |
| lead time | the time between ordering and receiving goods | tiempo de entrega | The lead time on this part is six weeks. |
| procurement | the process of obtaining goods or services | adquisiciones, compras | Procurement is negotiating a better rate with the supplier. |
| vendor | a company that supplies goods or services | proveedor | We switched vendors to cut costs. |
| backorder | an order that can't be filled immediately | pedido pendiente | The item is on backorder until next month. |
| customs clearance | the process of getting goods through customs | despacho aduanero | Customs clearance can add a few days to delivery. |
| tracking number | a code used to follow a shipment | número de seguimiento | I'll send you the tracking number once it ships. |
| fulfillment | the process of completing a customer order | cumplimiento de pedidos, fulfillment | Our fulfillment center processes 1000 orders a day. |
| distribution center | a facility that sends goods onward to customers or stores | centro de distribución | The new distribution center opens next month. |
| stockout | running out of a product | quiebre de stock | A stockout on our best seller hurt sales. |
| logistics provider | a company that manages transport and storage | operador logístico | We outsource delivery to a logistics provider. |
| route optimization | planning the most efficient delivery path | optimización de rutas | Route optimization cut our delivery times by 15 percent. |
| bill of lading | a document listing shipped goods | conocimiento de embarque | The bill of lading lists everything in the container. |
| demand forecasting | predicting future customer demand | pronóstico de demanda | Demand forecasting helps us avoid overstocking. |
| just in time | receiving goods only as they're needed | justo a tiempo | We run a just in time model to reduce storage costs. |
| last mile delivery | the final step of delivery to the customer | última milla | Last mile delivery is the most expensive part of shipping. |
| freight forwarder | a company that arranges shipping on behalf of others | agente de carga | Our freight forwarder handles the paperwork for exports. |
| pallet | a flat structure used to move goods in bulk | pallet, tarima | We loaded ten pallets onto the truck. |
| cross-docking | moving goods directly from inbound to outbound without storage | cross-docking | We use cross-docking to speed up distribution. |
| carrier | the company that physically transports the goods | transportista | We work with three different carriers. |
| dispatch | to send out goods or a delivery | despachar | The order was dispatched this morning. |
Cómo usarlos en el trabajo
- Actually no significa actualmente. Usá currently para el estado actual: this shipment is currently in customs clearance.
- Carrier y freight forwarder se confunden seguido: el carrier mueve físicamente la mercadería, el freight forwarder organiza y coordina el envío, a veces usando varios carriers.
- Lead time y last mile delivery suenan parecidos pero cubren partes distintas del proceso: lead time es toda la ventana desde el pedido hasta la entrega, last mile es solo el último tramo.
Práctica
Multiple choice cloze (opción múltiple)
Elegí el término que encaja en el hueco.
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Preguntas
- ¿Cuál es la diferencia entre lead time y last mile delivery?
- Lead time es el tiempo entre hacer un pedido y recibir la mercadería en total. Last mile delivery es específicamente el último tramo, desde un centro local hasta la puerta del cliente.
- ¿Puedo practicar llamadas de logística con proveedores en clase?
- Sí, una clase de inglés para el trabajo puede simular llamadas con proveedores, transportistas o agentes de aduana usando tu proceso real de envío.
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